نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد
2 استادیارگروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل
3 استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
4 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی،، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل،
5 استادیار گروه تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
This study aimed at comparing the effects of the policies of ‘reducing the water extraction from groundwater resources’ and ‘increasing the irrigation efficiency. For this purpose, five counties including Mashhad, Sabzevar, Neyshabour, Torbat-e Jam and Torbat-e Heydarieh were selected in Razavi Khorasan province of Iran. The effects of these policies on the deficit of groundwater reservoirs, production, net imports, net social benefits and farmers' income during 2012-2013 were evaluated using a Positive Mathematical Programming model with Generalized Maximum Entropy (PMP-GME). The required information was collected using the questionnaires as well as the statistics of concerned organizations. The study results showed that although the policy of reducing the water extraction could balance the water extraction and reduce energy consumption by up to 25 percent, it would reduce the production of important crops such as wheat and increase social costs (by 20-43 percent) and particularly, reduce farm incomes and increase imports; in addition, the cost of each cubic meter of saved water would be about 4540 to 6360 IR rials; and replacing old systems by new ones at the potential level without increasing the area under cultivation would reduce the reservoir deficits by 94 percent. Although the closure of unauthorized wells is a legal requirement, its implementation alone cannot create balance in the water extraction. In order to achieve the desired result, it is also necessary to limit the licenses of authorized wells gradually. In addition, bank loans and advisory services will help the farmers to increase their irrigation efficiency. The policy of reducing the water extraction will also prevent the farmers to add area under cultivation by using water saved arising from increased irrigation efficiency.
کلیدواژهها [English]