الگوی پایداری در بهینه‌سازی کاربری اراضی در حوضة آبخیز حبله‌رود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران،

4 استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

چکیده

ترکیب مناسب کاربری اراضی از عوامل مهم در حفظ و پایداری منابع آب و خاک به‏ ویژه در بستر حوضه­ های آبخیز است. در مطالعه حاضر، با در نظر گرفتن همزمان شاخص ­های اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست ‏محیطی، نحوه بهره برداری بهینه و پایدار از اراضی حوضه آبخیز حبله ‏رود بررسی شد. بدین منظور، از مدل ابزار ارزیابی آب و خاک (SWAT) و روش­ های فرا رتبه‏ ای پرومتی (PROMETHEE) و الکتره (ELECTRE) به ‏عنوان دو نمونه از مدل‏ های تصمیم­ گیری چندشاخصه استفاده شد. داده­ های مورد نیاز در تعیین شاخص‏ های زیست‏ محیطی از جمله دما، بارش، رطوبت، تبخیر وتعرق برای یک دوره 26ساله و داده ­های مربوط به شاخص ­های اقتصادی و اجتماعی شامل هزینه تولید، درآمد ناخالص و میزان اشتغال در سال 1396 گردآوری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربری باغ در جنوب حوضه هم از لحاظ اقتصادی- اجتماعی و هم از لحاظ زیست ­محیطی، در رتبه اول و کاربری مرتع در شمال حوضه در رتبه آخر انواع کاربری­ ها قرار دارند؛ همچنین، در کاربری­ های باغ در شمال حوضه و مرتع در جنوب حوضه، تضاد رتبه‏ بندی چه از لحاظ شاخص ­های اقتصادی- اجتماعی و چه از لحاظ شاخص ­های زیست­ محیطی مشاهده شد. از ­این­رو، بر مبنای ارزیابی به ­دست‏آمده، پیشنهاد­هایی در راستای بهبود وضعیت و توسعه اراضی مورد مطالعه ارائه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Sustainability Pattern of Land Use Optimization in Hablehroud Basin in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Arjomandi 1
  • A. Mortazavi 2
  • S. Khalilian 3
  • A. Zare Garizi 4
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, IranPhD Student in Agricultural Economics, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Corresponding Author and Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor of Agricultural Economics, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor of Watershed Management, Department of Watershed and Arid Zone Management, Faculty of Range Land and Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The proper combination of different land use patterns is one of the important factors in maintaining and sustaining water and soil resources, especially in basin areas. Considering economic, social and environmental criteria, this study aimed at investigating the optimal and sustainable land uses in Hablehroud Basin in Tehran and Semnan provinces of Iran. Thus, the SWAT as a model and the PROMETHEE and ELECTRE models as two samples of the multi-attribute decision making method were employed. Data for calculating the environmental criteria such as temperature, rain, humidity and evaporation were collected during 26 years and those for the economic and social criteria such as production cost, gross income and employment were collected in 2017. The study results indicated that the horticulture use of land in the south areas of the basin had the first rank and the pasture use of land in the north had the last rank both in terms of socio-economic and environmental criteria. Also, comparing the socio-economic criteria with the environmental ones, opposite ranks were observed for horticulture land use in the north and pasture land use in the south areas. Therefore, based on the results, some recommendations were made to improve the current land use situations as well as to develop the land use patterns in the studied basin.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Land use
  • Soil and water assessment model
  • Multi-criteria decision making
  • Hableroud basin
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