بررسی برنامة مبادلة مجوزهای آبی بین کشاورزان در اراضی پایین ‏دست سد وشمگیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان

2 دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده علوم زیست محیطی و کشاورزی پایدار، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

برنامه مبادلات مجوزهای آبی در دهه های اخیر به دلیل کارایی آن در برخورد با مسئله کمبود آب از طریق استفاده کمتر سیستم نسبت به برنامه عدم مبادله و ایجاد مازاد آب برای مصارف با ارزش بالاتر، به خصوص در مناطق خشک و نیمه‏خشک توسعه پیدا کرده است. لذا در این تحقیق، به منظور بررسی برنامه مبادله مجوزهای آبی بین کشاورزان، دو برنامه تخصیص آب، تحت سیستم عدم مبادله و مبادله براساس مدل برنامه‌ریزی تصادفی با پارامترهای بازه‌ای طراحی شد. سپس نتایج حاصل از دو برنامه براساس شاخص حجم آب مازاد و میزان کاهش در کمبود آب مقایسه گردید. برای این مطالعه، تعداد ۴۰ مزرعه موجود در روستای یلمه سالیان و ۳۰ مزرعه موجود در روستای شیخ‏آباد که همگی از آب سد وشمگیر واقع در شهرستان آق قلا تغذیه شده و با شرکت آب‌بران سد قرارداد دارند، انتخاب شدند. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که تخصیص آب تحت برنامه مبادله منجر به آب مازاد در روستای یلمه سالیان، با حد پایین و بالای بازه برابر با ] ۷۱/۳۷۴ ,۶۹/۲۶۱[ هزار مترمکعب و کاهش در کمبود آب برابر با بازه ]۶۴/۴۸۶ , ۶۱/۲۹۸[ هزار مترمکعب با حفظ سودی معادل با بازه]۵۷/۳۵۱ ,۹۱/۲۳۷[ میلیون تومان و در روستای شیخ‏آباد، منجر به مازاد آبی برابر با بازه]۱۲/۲۴۴ ,۱۷۶[ هزار مترمکعب و کاهش در کمبود آبی با بازه‏ای معادل با ]۰۴/۳۱۷ ,۴۴/۲۲۸[ هزار مترمکعب با حفظ سودی برابر با بازه ]۱۰/۲۱۰ ,۳۹/۱۴۱[ میلیون تومان نسبت به برنامه عدم مبادله مجوزهای آبی شده است. با توجه به نتایج فوق می­توان گفت که برنامه مبادله مجوزهای آبی کشاورزان منجر به مازاد آب می شود و کمبود آب را تا حدی که از سود سیستم کاسته نشود جبران خواهد کرد و در صرفه جویی در مصرف آب و تخصیص کاراتر آن، به خصوص در فصل خشک، اثربخش خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Survey on Trading Program of Water Permits between Farmers in Downstream Lands of Voshmgir Dam in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • J. shahraki 1
  • P. Jansouz 2
  • M. Abdolhosseini 3
1 Associate Professor, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
2 PhD Student, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Sustainable Agriculture, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Water Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In Iran, over recent decades, trading program of water permits was developed due to their efficiency in dealing with water scarcity through the use of less water and the creation of released water for consumption with higher value, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Therefore, in this study, in order to survey the trading program of water permits between farmers, two water allocation programs under non-trading and trading systems were designed based on Interval-Parameter Two-Stage Stochastic Program Model. Then, the obtained results of two programs were compared based on index of released water volume and decrease in water deficiency. For this study, 40 farmlands in Yolmeh-Salian village and 30 farmlands in Sheikhabad village were selected; all the villages used water from the Voshmgir dam located in Aq-Qala County. The study results showed that the water allocation under trading program led to released water in Yolmeh-Salian, with low and high limits of interval by [261/69, 374/71] ×103 m3 and decrease in water deficiency by interval of [298/61,486/64]×103 m3 with protection of benefit by [237/91, 351/57] million tomans (i.e. × 10 rials); and in Sheikhabad, it led to released water by interval of [176,244/12] ×103 m3 and decrease in water deficiency by [228/44,317/04] ×103 m3 with the protection of benefit by [141/39 , 210/10] million tomans, compared to the non-trading program of water permits. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Interval-Parameter Two-Stage Stochastic Program
  • Uncertainty
  • Water Scarcity
  • Yolmeh-Salian and Sheikhabad (Villages)
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