واکاوی الزامات تحقق کشت فراسرزمینی برای بهبود امنیت غذایی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری توسعة کشاورزی، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 دانشیار گروه توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران،

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

4 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران

چکیده

سرمایه­ گذاری در اراضی حاصل‏خیز کشورهای برخوردار از منابع آب کافی برای تولید محصولات اساسی در راستای بهبود امنیت غذایی با عنوان «کشت فراسرزمینی» شناخته شده است. تحقیق حاضر، با هدف کاربردی واکاوی الزامات تحقق کشت فراسرزمینی برای بهبود امنیت غذایی در ایران، به روش تحلیلی غیرآزمایشی و پیمایشی صورت گرفت. جامعه آماری تحقیق 176 تن از صاحب­نظران عرصه کشت فراسرزمینی در بخش­های دولتی و خصوصی بودند که به ­طور نظری، انتخاب شدند. ابزار تحقیق شامل اسناد و مدارک کتابخانه ­ای و همچنین، پرسشنامه پنج ‏گزینه ­ای با طیف لیکرت بود. متغیر وابسته تحقیق «بهبود امنیت غذایی در ایران» بود که در چهار بعد موجود بودن غذا، در دسترس بودن غذا، بهره‏برداری از غذا و پایدار بودن این سه مؤلفه سنجش شد. متغیر مستقل تحقیق نیز شامل الزامات تحقق کشت فراسرزمینی برای ایران در چهار گروه سیاست‏گذاری، اقتصادی، فرهنگی- اجتماعی و زراعی- تخصصی بود. بر پایة یکی از مهم‏ترین یافته‏های پژوهش حاضر، این چهار گروه الزامات تحقق کشت فراسرزمینی برای ایران تأثیرات معنی­دار و مثبت بر ابعاد یادشدة امنیت غذایی دارند و تحقق کشت فراسرزمینی برای ایران در بهبود امنیت غذایی کشور دارای تأثیر مثبت معنی­دار است. همچنین، نتایج سنجش نظرات دانش‏ آموختگان رشته­ های کشاورزی و غیر­کشاورزی با یکدیگر همخوانی دارد. نظر به یافته ­های تحقیق، تأمین اطلاعات ضروری مرتبط توسط مراجع دولتی برای ورود به عرصه کشت فراسرزمینی نخستین گام در راستای تشویق بخش خصوصی به حضور در این عرصه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Requirements for Realization of Overseas ultivation to Improve Food Security in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. A. Kalbasi Esfahani 1
  • S. M. Mirdamadi 2
  • s. J. Farajollah Hosseini 3
  • F. Lashgarara 4
1 PhD Student in Agricultural Development, Faculty of Agticultural Science and Food Industry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Development, Faculty of Agticultural Science and Food Industry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Education, Faculty of Agticultural Science and Food Industry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Education, Faculty of Agticultural Science and Food Industry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In Iran, investment in fertile lands of the countries with adequate fresh water for producing essential products to improve the food security is recognized as “Overseas Cultivation”. This study aimed practically at analyzing the requirements of overseas cultivation realization for improvement of food security in Iran. It was an analytic non-experimental study based on surveys. The statistical population included 176 researchers and experts from public research centers as well as the economic actors of the private sector selected theoretically (N=176). Library documents were used as an instrument and the five-options Likert Spectrum Questionnaires were applied in a field methodology for the data collection. ‘Improvement of food security in Iran’ was the dependent variable surveyed from the four aspects of food security including food availability, food accessibility, food utilization, and sustainability of these three dimensions. ‘Requirements for realization of overseas cultivation in Iran’ was considered as the independent variables. These included the four categories of policy-making, economic, socio-cultural and agronomic-specialized requirements. There were used SPSS20 for descriptive analysis and AMOS22 for deductive analysis based on Classic Structural Equation Modeling method. The study findings indicated that all the mentioned requirement categories had significantly positive effects on the concerned food security dimensions; in addition, the realization of overseas cultivation for Iran had positive effect on the food security improvement in the country. Also, the comparison of the two models, based on evaluating the scholars’ opinions with educations in agricultural and non-agricultural fields, indicated the same results. Regarding the study results, providing the essential relevant information by public sector could be the first step to motivate private sector for participation in the overseas cultivation approach.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Food Security
  • Overseas Cultivation
  • Essential Crops

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