طراحی زنجیره تأمین حلقه بسته سبز برای تولید محصول زیتون تحت شرایط ریسک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

2 دانشیار و عضو هیئت علمی گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران.

3 دانشیار مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران..

چکیده

بر اثر عواملی چون مسائل سیاسی، تغییرات فناوری و حوادث طبیعی، در کنار گسترش نگرانی ‏های زیست ­محیطی و مسئولیت پذیری اجتماعی، مسائل زنجیره تأمین دیگر فقط نگاهی رو به جلو ندارد و حالت معکوس نیز مد نظر قرار گرفته است. از این‏رو، در مطالعه حاضر، با طراحی و مدل‏سازی زنجیره تأمین حلقه بسته سبز چنددوره­ای و چندمحصولی در زمینه تولید زیتون، بهینه ­سازی سود کل زنجیره و هزینه­ های آلاینده ­های حاصل از فرآیند فرآوری این محصول با استفاده از الگوریتم ژنتیک برای داده­ های محصول زیتون ایران طی سال ­های 1395 تا 1397 بررسی شد. همچنین، با وارد کردن ریسک به مدل پیشنهادی و در نظرگرفتن تقاضای تمامی مراکز تحت شرایط ریسک، مدل به واقعیت نزدیک‏تر شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که این زنجیره با مقدار 55417 میلیارد ریال سودآور است؛ اما با توجه به نسبت هزینه دفع به سود بازیافت پسماندها (91/431)، زنجیره تأمین زیتون و فرآورده ­های آن در زمینه بازیافت پسماند ضعیف عمل می­ کند که با اصلاح زنجیره، این نسبت 79 درصد کاهش خواهد یافت؛ همچنین، در این زنجیره، نیاز به واردات در شرایط ریسک وجود ندارد و کلیه نیازهای بازار و تقاضای مراکز صادرات، بدون هیچ‏گونه فروش از دست­رفته از طریق زنجیره، تأمین می‏شود. بنابراین، با کارخانه ­های فرآوری زیتون و احداث کارخانه­ های فرآوری پسماندهای حاصل از روغن­ کشی بتوان با بازیابی و یا تولید مواد باارزش از پسماندها، می‏توان بهره­ وری صنایع تبدیلی زیتون را افزایش داد. از سوی دیگر، با توجه به توان و ظرفیت تولید و فرآوری زیتون، شایسته است به‏ منظور افزایش مصرف روغن زیتون در راستای ارتقای سلامت جامعه و ایجاد ارزش افزوده، سیاست ­هایی در سطح کلان اتخاذ شود تا از این رهگذر، تولید محصول زیتون افزایش یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Green Closed-loop Supply Chain Design of Olive under Risk Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Anahita Nazari Gooran 1
  • Seyed-Mojtaba Mojaverian 2
  • Mir Saman Pishvaee 3
1 PhD Student in Agricultural Economics, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. Sari, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Agricultural Economics, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. Sari, Iran.
3 Associate professor of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Due to factors such as political issues, technological change and natural disasters as well as the spread of environmental concerns and social responsibility, supply chain issues are no longer just a matter of looking ahead but the reverse-processing is also a matter of consideration. For this purpose, the present paper deals with the design and modeling of multi-periodic and multi-product green closed-loop supply chain in olive production. After designing the supply chain, the optimization of the whole chain profit and costs of the pollutants from the olive-product-processing process was investigated using a Genetic Algorithm based on Iranian olive data during the years 2016 to 2018. The model also came closer to reality by incorporating risk into the proposed model and taking into account the demand of all centers under risk conditions. The results show that the chain is profitable at 55417 billion Riyals, but with respect to the waste disposal to waste recycling cost-benefit ratio, 431.91, Iran's olive supply chain performs poorly in waste recycling, which by incorporating this model and revising the chain, this ratio will be reduced by 79%. Furthermore, according to the results, there is no need for import in risky conditions and all the market’s demand and export centers demand is met without any lost sales by the chain itself. It is, therefore, suggested to increase productivity in the field of olive-conversion-industries by equipping olive processing plants and constructing oil-production waste processing plants. On the other hand, in spite of the potentials and capacity of olive production and processing, it is suggested that macro-level policies be adopted to increase the consumption of olive oil in order to promote community health and create added value in order to increase the production of these products compared to its present value.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • green closed-loop supply chain
  • Conditional Value-at-Risk
  • Genetic Algorithm
  • Olive

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