آثار رشد اقتصادی و شهرنشینی استان مازندران در کیفیت محیط زیست آبی با تأکید بر رودخانه های استان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 دانشجوی دوره دکتری گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

فعالیت­های اقتصادی طیف وسیعی از آسیب­های محیط­زیستی نظیر از بین رفتن جنگل‏ها، آلودگی منابع آب سطحی و زیرزمینی و آلودگی هوا را به همراه دارد. استان مازندران با توجه به ویژگی­های طبیعی از حیث آب­های سطحی و زیرزمینی بسیار غنی و دارای رودهای متعددی است. هدف این پژوهش بررسی رابطه­ آلودگی آب و رشد اقتصادی در استان مازندران در چارچوب منحنی محیط زیستی کوزنتس با استفاده از داده­های پانل و روش گشتاورهای تعمیم­یافته (GMM) طی سال­های 1393-1380 بود. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص آلودگی آب با متغیر شهرنشینی، تولید ناخالص داخلی و مکعب آن رابطه مثبت و با مجذور تولید ناخالص داخلی رابطه منفی دارد. همچنین نتایج، رابطه­ N شکل میان آلودگی آب و سایر متغیرها را نشان داد. مثبت شدن توان سوم تولید ناخالص داخلی نیز نشان­دهنده­ افزایش آلودگی آب همراه با توسعه اقتصادی بود و در این راستا، پیشنهاد شد دولت تصمیمات لازم را برای جلوگیری از افزایش آلودگی بیشتر انجام دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Economic Growth and Urbanization of Mazandaran Province of Iran on Environmental Quality of Water with Emphasis on Rivers of the Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Amirnejad 1
  • Mahsa Taslimi 2
  • fatemeh mazraeh 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
2 PhD Student in Agricultural Economics, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Economic activities have a wide range of environmental impacts such as forest degradation, Surface and underground water pollution and air pollution. Mazandaran province of Iran is very rich in surface and underground water and has many rivers due to its natural characteristics. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between water pollution and economic growth in this province within the framework of Kuznets' environmental curve using panel data and generalized method of moments (GMM) during 2001-2014. The study results showed that the water pollution index was positively correlated with urbanization variable, GDP and its cubes and had a negative relation to GDP squared. The results also showed an N-shaped relationship between the water pollution and other variables. Positive third-rate gross domestic product (GDP) indicated an increase in the water pollution associated with economic development, which suggested that the government should make the necessary decisions to prevent further contamination.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Pollution
  • Economic Growth
  • Kuznets Curve
  • Generalized Method of Moments (GMM)
  • Mazandaran (Province)

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