آسیب‌پذیری اجتماعی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی کشاورزان نسبت به خشکسالی: دشت بکان اقلید

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار و عضو هیئت علمی گروه اقتصاد، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

کشاورزان به­ شدت از خشکسالی­ های سریع تأثیر می‏ پذیرند. با پاسخ­ های سازگاری مناسب می ­توان از پیامدهای منفی این پدیده کاست و همچنین، ارزیابی آسیب ­پذیری زیست‏ بوم­ های اجتماعی و اقتصادی محلی به ایجاد این فرآیند کمک می­کند. هدف مطالعه حاضر ارزیابی آسیب ­پذیری اجتماعی، اقتصادی و زیست ­محیطی در سطح خانوار و در چهار خوشه روستایی دشت بکان اقلید بود. اطلاعات مربوط به «در معرض واقع شدن»، «حساسیت» و «ظرفیت سازگاری» خوشه­ های روستایی از طریق مصاحبه­ های رو در رو با 122 خانوار کشاورز در تابستان 1397 جمع‏ آوری شد. به ­منظور محاسبه شاخص آسیب ­پذیری، اجزای اصلی متغیرهای یادشده اندازه ‏گیری و یکپارچه سازی شدند. نتایج نشان­دهنده سطوح قابل توجه «در معرض خطر خشکسالی واقع شدن» و «حساسیت نسبت به این پدیدة ناگوار» و اما «ظرفیت محدود برای سازگاری» در میان خوشه­ های فضایی و در نتیجه، آسیب ­پذیری زیاد اجتماعی، اقتصادی و زیست ‏محیطی بوده و با این حال، سطوح آسیب­ پذیری در میان خانوارها به­ دلیل عوامل مختلف اجتماعی و اقتصادی مانند دارایی­ های معیشتی متغیر است. با توجه به محدود بودن ظرفیت سازگاری خانوارهای مورد مطالعه، به ­منظور رسیدگی به نیازهای خانوارهای بسیار آسیب ­پذیر، سیاست­گذاری سازش از طریق رهیافت «ابتدا افراد ضعیف» لازم است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Socioeconomic and Environmental Vulnerability of Farmers to Drought: Bakan Plain in Eghlid County of Iran

نویسنده [English]

  • M. Ebrahimi
Assistant Professor and Faculty Member, Department of Economics, Branch of Shiraz, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Fast droughts have an extreme effect on farmers. Useful adaptations make smaller negative impacts of the event and vulnerability evaluations of local socioeconomic ecosystems help to start off the process. This aimed at identifying and assessing the socioeconomic and environmental vulnerability of households in four village clusters of Bakan plain in Eghlid County of Iran. Data were collected on the principal components of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity through face to face interviews with 122 farming households of the rural clusters in summer 2018. These principal components were calculated and integrated to create the vulnerability index. The results revealed significant levels of exposure to drought and sensitivity to this extreme event, but restricted capacities to adapt among spatial clusters, resulting in high socioeconomic and environmental vulnerability. Yet, there was found a variation in the vulnerability among the studied households because of different socioeconomic factors such as their livelihood assets; so, they had few adaptive capacities. Finally, it was recommended to take an adaptation policy to consider the needs of the most vulnerable households via a ‘Poor People First’ approach.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Exposure
  • Sensitivity
  • Adaptability Capacity
  • Rural Clusters

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اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه
دوره 28، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 109
اردیبهشت 1399
صفحه 171-192

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