بررسی اثرگذاری مصرف نهاده‌ها بر تولید غلات منتخب در کشور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 استاد و مدیر دانشگاه ایالتی اوکلاهما، نورمن، ایالات متحدة آمریکا.

چکیده

با شناسایی اثر مصرف نهاده‌های مختلف بر تولید محصولات کشاورزی، اطلاعات درست برای تصمیم‌گیری در اختیار سیاست‌گذار قرار می‌گیرد. هدف مطالعه حاضر برآورد تابع تولید محصولات گندم آبی و دیم و برنج با استفاده از الگوی پانل سه‌بعدی فضایی (محصول، استان و زمان) بود. اطلاعات مورد نیاز در دوره زمانی 1385 تا 1396 برای سی استان کشور جمع‌آوری و تابع تولید ترانسلوگ، بر اساس معیارهای انتخاب تابع تولید، به‌عنوان تابع برتر برگزیده شد. با توجه به اثرات فضایی و انجام آزمون‌های تشخیصی، الگوی همبستگی فضایی به‌عنوان الگوی مطلوب ارزیابی شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که کشش سطح زیر کشت، مصرف سم، تراکتور و کمباین نسبت به تولید گندم آبی، گندم دیم و برنج مثبت و کشش نیروی کار، مصرف بذر، کود و برق نسبت به تولید این محصولات منفی است؛ همچنین، کشش نهاده‌ها، در طول زمان، تغییر قابل توجه نداشته و روند اثرگذاری نهاده‌ها بر تولید این محصولات تقریباً ثابت بوده است. با توجه به مازاد نیروی کار در تولید، لازم است خروج نیروی کار از تولید در زیربخش غلات در دستور کار قرار گیرد. افزون بر این، سرمایه‏گذاری بیشتر در عوامل سرمایه ‌بر همچون کمباین و تراکتور در راستای افزایش تولید و دستیابی به اهداف خودکفایی غلات کشور توصیه می‏شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Input Consumption on Selected Grain Production in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • B. Fakari sardehae 1
  • N. Shahnoushi 2
  • H. Mohammadi 3
  • Sh. Rastegari Henneberry 4
1 PhD Student in Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4 Professor and President of the University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma State, USA
چکیده [English]

Identifying the impact of consumption of different inputs on agricultural production helps to provide the right information to the policymaker. This study aimed at estimating the production function of two basic products (irrigated and rainfed wheat, and rice) using the three-dimensional spatial panel pattern (product, province and time). The required information was collected for the 30 provinces of Iran in the period from 2006 to 2018; and according to the selection criteria of the production functions, the translog function was selected as the superior function. Due to spatial effects and diagnostic tests, the spatial correlation model was evaluated as the optimal model. The study results showed that the elasticity of cultivated area, consumption of pesticides, tractors and combine harvesters to the production of irrigated wheat, rainfed wheat and rice products was positive and the elasticity of labor, consumption of seeds and fertilizers to the production of these products was negative; in addition, the elasticity of production inputs did not change significantly over time, and the trend of impacts of the production inputs on the production of the studied products was almost constant. Due to the surplus of labor in the production of these three products, the withdrawal of labor from production in this sector should be on the agenda and more investment should be made in investment factors such as combine harvesters and tractors to increase production so that the country can achieve self- sufficiency.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Irrigated Wheat
  • Rainfed Wheat
  • Rice
  • Production Function
  • Spatial Regression and 3D Panel

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