بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر ناامنی غذایی خانوارهای شهری ایران با استفاده از الگوی لاجیت ترتیبی تعمیم‌یافته

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایرانگروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 نویسنده مسئول و استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

در دو دهۀ اخیر، مبحث امنیت غذایی و سلامت عمومی مردم جایگاهی ویژه در سیاست‏ های کلان هر دولتی یافته و در گزارش­ های سازمان فائو نیز بر آن بسیار تأکید شده است. کشور ایران نیز از این قاعده مستثنی نیست و با توجه به وضعیت تغذی ه­ای خانوارها در سال­ های اخیر، باید به امنیت و سلامت غذایی آنها به‏ ویژه توجه شود. در این راستا، هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر ناامنی غذایی خانوارهای شهری کشور بود. بدین منظور، اطلاعات لازم از 18704 خانوار شهری در استان ‏های کشور در سال 1396 بر اساس مصرف نه گروه از مواد غذایی ضروری گردآوری و همچنین، از مدل ‏های لاجیت ترتیبی تعمیم‌یافته استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که 73 درصد از خانوارهای شهری از امنیت غذایی برخوردارند و 27 درصد دارای ناامنی غذایی هستند. همچنین با برآورد اثرات نهایی برای مدل لاجیت تعمیم‌یافته متغیرهایی نظیر جنسیت و سن، دارا بودن منزل مسکونی و زیربنای آن، مالکیت اتومبیل شخصی، ابعاد خانوار و درآمد، در گروه ‏های مختلف، اثر معنی‌دار بر ناامنی غذایی در مناطق شهری داشتند. بر پایه نتایج ب‏ه‌دست‌آمده، وضعیت استان کرمانشاه از نظر امنیت غذایی «خوب» و امنیت غذایی در مناطق شهری استان‏ های کرمان و همدان در سطح پایین ارزیابی شد. از آنجا که دو گروه پرخطر جامعه از نظر مصرف کالری شناسایی شدند، پیشنهاد می ­شود که سیاست ­های هدفمند درست برای به تعادل رسیدن این دو گروه اعمال شود؛ همچنین، با توجه به نتایج تحقیق مبنی بر بیشتر بودن امنیت غذایی خانوارهای زن- سرپرست نسبت به خانوارهای مرد- سرپرست، شایسته است که به مشارکت زنان در فرآیند تصمیم  گیری و تهیه مواد غذایی توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of factors influencing food insecurity in Iranian families using generalized ordered logit model

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. R. Akbari 1
  • E. Pishbahar 2
  • Gh. Dashti 3
1 MSc. Graduate in Agricultural Economics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Agricultural Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Food security and public health have had a specific position in large-scale governmental policies in the last two decades, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Iran is no exception. The food security and food health of Iranian families should be particularly considered, given the fact that their purchasing power has declined. Thus, the present study aims to investigate factors influencing food insecurity in Iranian urban families. Data were collected from 18704 urban families in different Iranian provinces based on the consumption of nine necessary food groups. Generalized ordered logit models were employed. The results indicated that 73% of the urban families were food secure, while the remaining 27% were food insecure. Moreover, the estimation of the final effects for the Generalized logit model showed that gender, age, homeownership, personal automobile, family size, and income had significant effects on food insecurity in different urban groups. According to the results, Kermanshah Province had the highest level of food security, while Kerman and Hamedan Provinces were at the lowest level of food security. Since two high-risk groups were identified in terms of consuming calories, it is recommended to make targeted policies to balance the two groups. The results also implied the higher food security of families with female householders than that of families with male householders.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Calories
  • Generalized ordered logit
  • Iran
  • Food Insecurity

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