ارزیابی اقتصادی کشت نشایی در مقایسه با کشت مستقیم بذر کلزا در تاریخ‌های مختلف کشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار پژوهش تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر- سازمان تحقیقات ، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات دانه های روغنی، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر ، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز آموزش و تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج

4 استاد پژوهش بخش تحقیقات دانه های روغنی، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

5 استادیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، موسسه پژوهش‌های برنامه‌ریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی اقتصادی کشت نشایی در مقایسه با کشت مستقیم بذر کلزا رقم احمدی به عنوان شاهد در تاریخ‌های مختلف کشت، آزمایشی در مزرعه مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج و مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، در سال‌های زراعی 1397 و 1398 اجرا شد. تیمارهای این آزمایش شامل کشت مستقیم بذر کلزا در 15 مهر ماه به عنوان شاهد، انتقال نشای دو و چهار برگی در تاریخ‌های مختلف کاشت 25 مهر، 10 و 20 آبان بود. در این پژوهش، جهت دستیابی به هدف ارزیابی اقتصادی، از روش بودجه بندی جزیی، نسبت فایده به هزینه و بازده فروش استفاده شد. طبق نتایج، در استان‌های البرز و کرمانشاه، بیشترین میانگین عملکرد کلزا مربوط به تیمار کشت مستقیم بذر به عنوان شاهد در تاریخ کاشت 15 مهرماه به ترتیب با مقادیر 3495 و 4857 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. در محل اجرای کرمانشاه نسبت به محل اجرای کرج، میانگین عملکرد و درآمد خالص تیمار شاهد در سال‌های آزمایش به ترتیب 39 و 72/2 درصد و ارزش حال درآمد خالص تیمار شاهد در نرخ تنزیل 20 درصد در سال های آزمایش 78/9 درصد افزایش نشان می دهد. در مقایسه تیمارهای کشت نشایی در محل های اجرا، کشت نشایی در استان البرز سودآورتر از استان کرمانشاه بوده است. در مجموع از نظر ارجحیت زراعی و اقتصادی، تیمار برتر در مکان های آزمایش، تیمار شاهد توصیه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Economical assessment of transplanting compared with direct cultivation of rapeseed in different sowing dates

نویسندگان [English]

  • hormoz asadi 1
  • Hamid Jabbari 2
  • Asadollah Zarei Siahbidi 3
  • Amir Hossain Shirani rad 4
  • K. Shemshadi 5
1 Assistant Professor in Agricultural Economic researches, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute(SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO ), Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant Professor in oil seed research department. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of crop and horticulture science research department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran,
4 Professor in Oilseed Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
5 Assistant Professor in Agricultural Economic, Agricultural Planning, Economic and Rural Development Research Institute (APERDRI), Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to economical assessment of transplanting compared with direct (conventional) cultivation of rapeseed (Ahmadi variety) as check in different sowing dates, this research carried out in farm of Kermanshah agriculture and natural resources research and education center and Seed and plant improvement institute in Karaj during 2018 and 2019. Treatments of this experiment included rapeseed cultivation in 7 October as control, transplanting in two and four leaf stage on 17 October, 1 November and 11 November. In this study, for getting to economic target used Partial Budgeting Technique and Benefit cost ratio. According to the results, in Alborz and Kermanshah provinces, the mean of grain yield of rapeseed in seed cultivation in 7 October was 3495 and 4857 kg.ha-1, respectively. In Kermanshah province to Alborz province, the mean of grain yield and net income of check treatment during experimental years was increased 39 and 72.2 percent, respevtively and Net present value check treatment with discount rate 20% was increased 78.9 percent. Comparing trnsplanting treatments in target regions, transplanting planting in Alborz province to Kermanshah was more profitable. Thus,in terms of crops and economic preference, rapeseed cultivation in 7 October treatment as check treatment was selected as the best treatments in target provinces.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Economic evaluation"
  • "Rapeseed"
  • "Transplanting method"
  • "Traditional method"
  • "yield"

مراجع

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