محاسبه کارآیی و اثربخشی تولید محصولات دام و طیور با هدف دستیابی به امنیت غذایی در استان ‏های کشور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

3 نویسنده مسئول و دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به نقش مهم بخش کشاورزی در تأمین امنیت غذایی کشور، تمرکز هم‏زمان بر کمیّت و کیفیت تولیدات ضروری می‌نماید. هدف مطالعه حاضر مقایسه تولید کارآ و تولیدِ استاندارد انرژی و مواد مغذی کلیدی در زیربخش دام و طیور استان‏های کشور با استفاده از روش تحلیل پوششی داده‌‌‌ها بود. اطلاعات مورد نیاز از آمارنامه جهاد کشاورزی، بانک اطلاعات وزارت کشاورزی ایالات متحده آمریکا (USDA) و مرکز آمار ایران در سال 1395 جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین کارآیی فنی تولیدات استان‏ های کشور معادل 8/90 درصد و میانگین اثربخشی امنیت غذایی در تولید انرژی، پروتئین، ویتامین A، ریبوفلاوین، کلسیم و آهن، به‏ ترتیب، معادل 9/93، 9/98، 2/88، 7/95، 9/59 و 8/99 درصد است؛ همچنین، استان‏ ها در سه گروه کارآ و اثربخش، ناکارآ و اثربخش، و ناکارآ و غیراثربخش قرار می‌گیرند. بر این اساس، به‏ کارگیری الگوی تولید استان‏ های گروه اوّل با در نظر گرفتن مقتضیات سایر استان‏ ها به‏ عنوان الگوی نمونه، تغییر ترکیب تولید در راستای دستیابی به اثربخشی امنیت غذایی در عوامل غیراثربخش (عمدتاً کلسیم و ویتامین A) در استان‏ های گروه دوّم و نیز بهره ‏گیری از راهبردهای معطوف به بهبود کارآیی فنی در استان‏ های گروه سوم پیشنهاد شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Calculating the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Livestock and Poultry Production with the Aim of Achieving Food Security in Provinces of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Ghomsheh 1
  • M. Mojaverian 2
  • A. Hosseini-Yekani 3
1 PhD Student in Agricultural Economics, Sari University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
2 Associate Professors of agricultural economics, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 Corresponding Author and Associate Professors of agricultural economics, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

Given the important role of the agricultural sector in ensuring Iran's food security, it seems necessary to simultaneously focus on the quantity and quality of products. The study aimed at comparing the efficient production and standard production of energy and key nutrients in livestock and poultry sub-sectors of the country's provinces using data envelopment analysis method. The required information was collected from the Ministry of Agriculture-Jahad (MAJ), USDA database and the Statistical Center of Iran (SCI) in 2016. The results showed that the average technical efficiency of production in the provinces of the country was 90.8 percent and the average amounts of food security effectiveness in energy, protein, vitamin A, riboflavin, calcium and iron production were 93.9, 98.9, 88.2, 95.7, 59.9 and 99.8 percent, respectively. Also, the provinces were divided into three groups including efficient and effective, inefficient and effective, inefficient and ineffective. It is suggested that the production model of the provinces of the first group might be used as a model, taking into account the requirements of other provinces; in addition, in the provinces of the second group, the composition of production could be changed in such a way that the effectiveness of food security would be achieved in ineffective factors (mainly, calcium and vitamin A); finally, in the provinces of the third group, the strategies leading to improved technical efficiency should be used.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Effectiveness
  • Efficiency
  • Food Security
  • Nutrients
  • Livestock and Poultry Sub-sector

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