مؤلفه‌های اثرگذار بر کارآیی فنی جوکارآن آبی در شهرستان اسدآباد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسندة مسئول و استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه سید‌جمال‌الدین اسدآبادی، اسدآباد، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت راهبردی تولید جو در بخش دامی کشور، مطالعه حاضر با هدف تحلیل کارآیی فنی جوکارآن آبی شهرستان اسدآباد و تعیین مؤلفه‌های مختلف اثرگذار بر آن با رویکرد تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها (DEA) و به‏کارگیری الگوی رگرسیونی توبیت صورت گرفت. اطلاعات مورد نیاز به روش طبقه‌بندی تصادفی و تکمیل 180 پرسشنامه در سال زراعی 99-1398 جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که میانگین کارآیی فنی، مدیریتی و مقیاس، به‌ترتیب، 3/79، 5/82 و 1/96 درصد است و  63 درصد کشاورزان شهرستان در بازده افزایشی نسبت به مقیاس، 25 درصد در بازده کاهشی و تنها دوازده درصد در مقیاس بهینه (بازده ثابت نسبت به مقیاس) فعالیت می‌کنند و از این‏رو، پیشنهاد افزایش مقیاس تولید در راستای افزایش کارآیی منطقی به‌نظر می‌رسد؛ همچنین، بیشترین اثرگذاری معنی‏دار در کارآیی فنی و مدیریتی، به‌ترتیب، مربوط به متغیرهای تجربه، تحصیلات سرپرست خانوار، تعداد قطعات زمین و تنوع کشت و در کارآیی مقیاس، به‌ترتیب، مربوط به متغیرهای تعداد قطعات زمین، مالکیت تراکتور و ادوات کشاورزی و تحصیلات سرپرست خانوار بوده، که حاکی از نقش پررنگ و اهمیت بالای این متغیرها در بهبود کارآیی تولید است. بنابراین، اتخاذ سیاست‌هایی برای یکپارچه‌سازی و جلوگیری از خرد و پراکنده شدن اراضی نظیر تشویق به فعالیت‌های گروهی و ایجاد شرکت‌های تعاونی تولید، اعطای تسهیلات به‏منظور مکانیزه کردن مزارع، ارائه آموزش‌های مناسب و کاربردی به کشاورزان و بالا بردن سطح سواد کشاورزی، انتقال تجارب کشاورزان پیشرو به کشاورزان کم ‏تجربه و همچنین، تشویق به متنوع‌سازی کشت محصولات زراعی در افزایش کارآیی فنی تولید محصول جو بسیار ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Components affecting the technical efficiency of barley farmers in Asadabad city

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farshad Mohammadian 1
  • saber kalhori 2
1 Corresponding Author and Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Sayyed Jamaleddin Asadabadi University, Asadabad, Iran
2 PhD Student in Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Given the strategic importance of barley production in the livestock sector of Iran, the study aimed at analyzing the technical efficiency of irrigated barley farmers od Assadabad county of Iran and determining the various components affecting it using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach as well as Tobit regression model. The required data were collected by stratified random sampling through completing 180 questionnaires in 2019-2020. The study results showed that the average technical, managerial and scale efficiencies were 79.3, 82.5 and 96.1 percent, respectively; and 63 percent of the farmers operated in the increasing, 25 percent in the decreasing and only 12 percent in the optimal scale (constant returns to scale), which seemed reasonable to increase the scale of production to increase the efficiency; in addition, the most significant effects on the technical and managerial efficiencies were related to the experience, education of household head, number of plots and crop diversification and on the scale efficiency, were related to the number of plots, ownership of tractors and agricultural instruments and education variables, respectively, indicating the prominent role and high importance of these variables in improving production efficiency. Therefore, adopting policies to integrate and prevent the fragmented and dispersed lands, such as encouraging group activities and establishing production cooperatives, providing facilities to mechanize farms, appropriate and practical training to farmers and raising their agricultural literacy level, transferring the experiences of leading farmers to inexperienced farmers as well as encouraging the crop diversification is essential to increase the technical efficiency of irrigated barley production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Efficiency
  • Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
  • Tobit
  • Barley
  • Assadabad (County)
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