تعیین ارزش اقتصادی آب کشاورزی: مطالعة موردی آب انتقالی سد کرخه در آبخوان دشت عباس استان ایلام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول و دانش آموخته دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 عضو گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

با توجه به روند فزاینده نگرانی­ های عمومی در ارتباط با افزایش ناپایداری زیست ‎‏محیطی طرح­ های توسعه کشاورزی در مناطق مختلف روستایی، در حال حاضر، ارزیابی امنیت بوم ‏شناختی و خدمات زیست‏ بومی یک موضوع اصلی در زمینه منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست به‏ شمار می ‏رود. دشت عباس یکی از مناطقی است که با ورود آب انتقالی دچار مشکلات زیست ‎‏محیطی همانند شوری خاک و افزایش سطح نیزار شده است. هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر ارزش­گذاری اقتصادی آب از طریق تابع تولید و آزمون انتخاب بود و اطلاعات مورد نظر از طریق پرسشنامه و مصاحبة حضوری جداگانه با 108 بهره­ بردار از هر دو بخش زه­دار و عادی دشت عباس در سال 1400 به ‏دست آمد. نتایج بازاری بخش زه­دار نشان داد که ارزش تولید نهایی نهاده آب برای محصول گندم 964- ریال بوده و به دیگر سخن، ارزش اقتصادی از دست ‏رفته نهاده آب در این بخش حدود دویست میلیارد ریال است؛ در بخش عادی آبخوان نیز ارزش تولید نهایی نهاده آب برای این محصول 8584 ریال است. بدین ترتیب، ارزش بازاری آب در بخش عادی آبخوان حدود 370 میلیارد ریال به ‏دست آمد. در ادامة پژوهش، برای محاسبه ارزش غیربازاری آب، از رهیافت آزمون انتخاب و مدل­ های «لاجیت مختلط» و «لاجیت مختلط با اثرات متقابل» استفاده شد؛ نتایج نشان داد که کشاورزان حاضرند برای بهبود محیط زیست سالانه 5/7 میلیون ریال به ازای هر هکتار پرداخت کنند. بنابراین، کشاورزان بخش زه­دار حاضرند حدود 42 میلیارد ریال یعنی، 25 درصد درآمد از دست‏رفته را در ازای ارزش استفاده­ ای غیرمستقیم و ارزش غیراستفاده ­ای آب پرداخت کنند. از این مبلغ پرداختی می ­توان به‏ عنوان تأمین مالی مشترک در ارتباط با ارتقای وضعیت آبیاری، زهکشی همراه با مشارکت دولت و ارتقای آموزش استفاده پایدار از زمین­ه ای کشاورزی و شیوه ­های جلوگیری از شور شدن خاک بر اساس مشکلات مربوط به آبیاری با توجه به نیازهای کشاورزان استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining the Economic Value of Agricultural Water: A Case Study of Karkheh Dam Transfer Water in the Dasht-e-Abbas Plain Aquifer of Ilam Province in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Dariush Rahmati 1
  • Seyed Abolghasem Mortazavi 2
  • Hamed Najafi Alamdarloo 2
  • Mohammad Hasan Vakilpoor 3
1 Corresponding Author and PhD Graduated in Agricultural Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Member of Department of Agricultural Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Due to the growing trend of public concerns related to the increase in environmental instability of agricultural development plans in different rural areas, the evaluation of ecological security and ecosystem services is currently a major issue in the field of natural resources and environment. Dasht-e-Abbas plain of Iran is one of the areas suffered from environmental problems such as soil salinity and increase in the level of reeds due to the entry of transfer water. This study mainly aimed at determining the economic value of water through the production function and choice experiment. The required information was obtained through a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews with 108 farmers separately from both swampy and normal parts of Dasht-e-Abbas plain aquifer in 2021. The market results of swampy part showed that the final production value of water input for wheat crop was -964 IRI rials, indicating that the lost economic value of water input in this part would be about 200 billion IRI rials; in addition, in the normal part of the aquifer, the final production value of the water input for this product was 8584 IRI rials. In this way, the market value of water in the normal part of the aquifer was about 370 billion IRI rials. Then, the models of "mixed logit" and "mixed logit with interaction effects" were used to calculate the non-market value of water. The results showed that the farmers were willing to pay 7.5 million IRI rials per hectare annually to improve the environment. Therefore, the farmers of the swampy part would be willing to pay about 42 billion IRI rials, which is 25 percent of the lost income for the indirect use value and non-use value of water. This amount of payment can be used as a joint financing in connection with the improvement of irrigation, drainage with the participation of the government and the enhancement of training on the sustainable use of agricultural land and ways to prevent soil salinization based on problems related to irrigation by the farmers according to their needs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Valuation
  • Production Function
  • Choice Experiment
  • Mixed Logit Model
  • Dasht-e Abbas Plain Aquifer

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