تأثیر ظرفیت‌های مختلف پرورش مرغداری ‏ها، نظام مدیریت و فصول مختلف بر قیمت تمام‏ شدة مرغ زنده در استان فارس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

مربی پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویجی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به سهم قابل توجه گوشت مرغ در سبد غذایی خانوارها، قیمت تمام‏ شده و تغییرات آن برای مصرف‌کنندگان و تولیدکنندگان دارای اهمیت مالی است. در پژوهش حاضر، بر اساس بودجه فعالیت واحدهای مرغداری در استان فارس، قیمت تمام‏ شده مرغ زنده در ظرفیت­های مختلف، فصول و انواع نظام­های مکانیزاسیون محاسبه و تغییرات آن بررسی شد. همچنین، شاخص‌های سهم هزینه نهاده، اندازه بهینه تولید و نیز کشش‌های خودقیمتی و متقاطع با برآورد تابع هزینه محاسبه شدند. داده‌های مورد استفاده از 88 واحد مرغداری گوشتی به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که، قیمت تمام‏ شده مرغ زنده در فصل زمستان نسبت به سایر فصول بالاتر بوده و کاهش میانگین قیمت گوشت مرغ با افزایش ظرفیت­های تولیدی حاکی از آن است که هرچه ظرفیت مزرعه کوچک­تر باشد، تولید غیراقتصادی ­تر می‏شود و به‌کارگیری فناوری پیشرفته ‏تر در واحدهای مرغداری به افزایش هزینه‌های ثابت و قیمت تمام ‏شده محصول می ‏انجامد؛ مقدار کشش هزینه نسبت به تولید به ‏طور میانگین در حدود 876/0 بوده و از این ‏رو، تولید مرغ گوشتی در استان فارس دارای بازده صعودی نسبت به مقیاس است. همچنین، با محاسبه کشش­های خود قیمتی، مشخص شد که تقاضای نهاده­ ها نسبت به تغییرات قیمت کشش ­ناپذیر بوده و مقادیر به‌دست ‏آمده از کشش جانشینی موریشما حاکی از قدرت انتخاب بسیار محدود صنعت مرغداری استان در جانشین کردن عوامل تولید با یکدیگر است. بنابراین، با توجه به پایین بودن قیمت تمام ‏شده در مرغداری‌های با ظرفیت بالاتر و صعودی بودن بازده نسبت به مقیاس، برنامه‌ریزی در راستای توسعه واحدهایی با مقیاس­های بالاتر تولید ضرورت دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Different Poultry Farm-Sizes, Management Systems and Different seasons on Full Price of Live Broiler in Fars Province of Iran

نویسنده [English]

  • Dadgar Mohamadi
Instructor, Department of Economic, Social and Extension Research, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Given the significant share of chicken meat in the food basket of households, the fiull price and its changes are of financial importance for consumers and producers. In this study, based on the budget of poultry farming units in Fars province of Iran, the cost price of live broiler in different capacities, seasons and types of mechanization systems was calculated and its changes were investigated. Also, the indicators of input cost share, optimal production size, as well as self-price and cross elasticities were calculated by estimating the cost function. The data used were collected from 88 broiler units by random sampling method. The study results showed that the full price of live broiler in the winter season is higher than other seasons, and the decrease in the average price of chicken meat with the increase in production capacity indicated that the smaller the capacity of the farm, the more uneconomical the production becomes, and the use of more modern technology in poultry units would lead to an increase in fixed costs and the full price of the product; the value of cost elasticity in relation to production is on average around 0.876 and therefore, the production of live broiler in Fars province has an upward return to scale. In addition, by calculating the price elasticities, it was found that the input demand was inelastic to price changes and also, the values obtained from Morishma elasticity of substitution indicated the very limited power of choice of the province's poultry industry in substituting production factors with each other. Therefore, due to the low price in live broiler farms with higher capacity and the upward efficiency compared to the scale, it is necessary to plan for developing the units with higher production scales.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cost Price
  • Factors
  • Affecting the Price
  • Economies of Scale
  • Broiler
  • Fars (Province)

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