مدیریت مصرف کودهای شیمیایی برای تولید محصول برنج (مطالعه موردی گهرباران ساری)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 نویسنده مسئول و دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 استادیار دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران. ایران.

4 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

چکیده
تغذیة خاک با مدیریت اصولی مصرف کود به نحوی که عملکرد را با حداقل کردن آسیب‌های زیست‌محیطی حداکثر کند، اهمیت خاصی دارد. عناصر نیتروژن (N)، فسفر (K) و پتاسیم (P) مهم‌ترین مواد غذایی مورد نیاز گیاه می‌باشند. به دلیل اینکه استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی می‌تواند خطرات جدی برای محیط و سلامت جامعه ایجاد کند، هدف از مطالعة حاضر تعیین ترکیب بهینة کودهای مصرف‌شده در تولید برنج در منطقة گهرباران ساری با استفاده از مدل برنامه‌ریزی آرمانی و نظریة بازی­ها است. داده­های مطالعة حاضر از طریق تکمیل پرسش‌نامه و مصاحبة حضوری با 198 کشاورز منطقة گهرباران در سال 1394-1393 جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که مصرف کود برای محصولات برنج طارم و برنج شیرودی در میان کشاورزان نماینده به‌طور متوسط بیشتر از حد بهینه بوده و موجب افزایش آلودگی خاک به مواد شیمیایی شده است. پیروی از الگوی بهینة ارائه شده در این مطالعه برای مصرف کود، موجب کاهش آلودگی خاک به مواد شیمیایی، کاهش هزینة مصرف کود و افزایش تولید به ازای هر واحد مصرف کود می‏شود. لذا کشاورزان با تأمل در نتایج مطالعاتی نظیر مطالعة حاضر می­توانند مصرف کودهای شیمیایی را مدیریت نمایند و در این راستا سازمان­های کشاورزی نیز در ترویج کشت محصولات ارگانیک کوشا باشند.
 
طبقه‌بندیJEL: C70، C61

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Chemical Fertilizers Use Management for Rice Production (A Case Study of Sari Goharbaran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kh. Abdi Rokni 1
  • S. A. Hosseini-Yekani 2
  • S. Abedi 3
  • F. Kashiri 4
1 Msc student in Agricultural Economics, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2 Associate Professors of agricultural economics, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
4 PhD Student in Agricultural Economics, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

Soil fertility in an optimal fertilizers use management system which is maximizing yield along with minimizing environmental damages is so critical. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (K) and potassium (P) are the most important required nutrients for plant growth. Since the use of chemical fertilizers could create serious dangers for the environment and community health, the purpose of this study is determination of the optimal combination of fertilizers used for rice production in the Goharbaran of Sari using Goal Programming Model and the Game Theory. Required data for this study was collected by questionnaires and interviewing the 198 farmers during the 2014-2015 crop years. The results of this study showed that the amount of fertilizers use for Tarom and Shiroodi rice have not been optimal by representative farmers, so that on average, fertilizers use for Tarom and Shiroodi rice is more than optimal value, and it has increased soil pollution to chemical material. Following the presented optimal pattern in this study for fertilizer use, reducing soil contamination to chemicals, reduce the cost of fertilizers and increase the production per unit of fertilizer. Therefore, farmers can manage the use of chemical fertilizers concerning the results of the current and similar studies. Furthermore, agricultural organizations also should try in promoting the cultivation of organic products. 
JEL Classification: C61, C70
 




کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nutrient Management
  • Goal Programming
  • game theory
  • Tarom and Shiroodi Rice

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