بررسی رابطه بین راهبردهای کسب و کار، رقابت بازار و مدیریت سود در صنعت مواد غذایی و آشامیدنی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد حسابداری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت

چکیده

شناسایی رابطه‌ بین راهبردهای کسب و کار، رقابت بازار و مدیریت سود در شرکت‌های صنعت مواد غذایی و آشامیدنی پذیرفته شده در بورس اهمیت ویژه­ای دارد. بنابراین، با استفاده از نمونه­ آماری متشکل از 12 شرکت فعال در صنعت موردنظر طی بازه زمانی 1388 تا 1393 به بررسی این موضوع پرداخته شد. الگوسازی پژوهش رهیافت اقتصادسنجی با استفاده از داده­های ترکیبی بوده است. در این راستا، از الگوی آثار تصادفی برای برازش الگو و از آزمون t برای تعیین معناداری ضرایب رگرسیون استفاده شد. بر اساس خروجی­های حاصل از برآورد الگو، بین راهبردهای کسب و کار (راهبرد رهبری هزینه و راهبرد تمایز) و مدیریت سود واقعی رابطه­ منفی و معنادار وجود دارد و با در نظر گرفتن شدت رقابت در بازار محصولات، بین تعامل رقابت بازار و راهبرد رهبری هزینه با مدیریت سود واقعی رابطه‌ای معنادار وجود ندارد. در مقابل، با توجه به وجود رابطه‌ منفی و معنادار میان راهبرد تمایز با مدیریت سود واقعی، نتایج به دست آمده حاکی از وجود رابطه‌ منفی و معنادار میان تعامل رقابت بازار و راهبرد تمایز با مدیریت سود واقعی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Relationship among Business Strategies, Market Competitiveness and Profit Management in Iran's Beverage and Food Industries

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Kavoosi Kalashami 1
  • S. Shalchi Tabrizi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Guilan (Corresponding Author)
2 MSc in Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch
چکیده [English]

It is very important to identify the relationship between business strategies, market competition and earnings management in beverage and food industries firms which are accepted in stock exchange market. The sample includes 12 manufacturing companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during period the beginning of 2009 until the end of 2014. The statistical model is multiple linear regression using panel data. To examine the significance of the regression equations and the significance of regression coefficients F-test and t-test were applied, respectively. Based on the results of model estimation, there is a negative and significant relationship between business strategies (cost leadership strategy and differentiation strategy) and real earnings management, and there isn’t a significant relationship between the interaction of market competition and cost leadership strategy. Also the results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the interaction of market competition and differentiation strategy with the real earnings management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Business Strategies
  • Differentiation Strategy
  • Real Earnings Management
  • Market Competition
  • Cost Leadership Strategy
  1. Aflatoni, A. (2013). Statistical analysis in accounting and financial management with Eviews. Tehran: Termeh Publications. (Persian)
  2. Amiri, H. and Mohammadi Khorzoghi, H. (2012). Analysis of the relationship between debt financing and earnings quality, companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of Financial Accounting, 16(4): 61-81. (Persian)  
  3. Arab Mazar Yazdi, M. and Jaberi Nasab, B. (2011). Evaluating the effectiveness of the modified Coupont ratio and its components to predict future profitability changes. Journal of Accounting Knowledge, 2(2): 93-110. (Persian)  
  4. Banker, R.D., Flasher, R. and Zhang, D. (2013). Strategic positioning and asymmetric cost behavior. Working Paper, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.
  5. Cohen, D.A., Dey, A. and Lys, T.Z. (2008). Real and accrual-based earnings management in the pre-and-post-Sarbanes-Oxley periods. The Accounting Review, 83(3): 757-787.
  6. Cohen, D.A. and Zarowin, P. (2010). Accrual-based and real earnings management activities around seasoned equity offerings. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50(1): 2-19.
  7. Defond, M.L. and Jiambalvo, J. (1994). Debt covenant violation and manipulation of accruals. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 17(2): 145-176.
  8. Dehghan Dehnavi, M.A., Yavari, K., Hossieni Nasab, S.A. and Sahabi, B. (2011). The relationship among market structure and efficiency with profitability in banking industry of Iran. Journal of Economic Policy Making, 6(3): 61-78. (Persian)  
  9. Dichev, I. and Skinner, D. (2002). Large sample evidence on the debt covenant hypothesis. Journal of Accounting Research, 10(4): 1091-1123.
  10. Evans, M., Houston, R., Peters, M. and Pratt, J. (2014). Reporting regulatory environments and earnings management: U.S. and non-U.S. firms using U.S. GAAP or IFRS. The Accounting Review In-Press. doi: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.2308/ accr-51008.
  11. Fisher, J. and Govindarajan, V. (1990). Strategy, control systems, and resource sharing: effects on business-unit performance. Academy of Management Journal, 33(2): 259-285.
  12. Griffith, R. (2001). Product market competition, efficiency and agency cost: an empirical analysis. Working Paper, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
  13. Gunny, K.A. (2010). The relation between earnings management using real activities manipulation and future performance: evidence from meeting earnings benchmarks. Contemporary Accounting Research, 27(3): 855-888.
  14. Jafari, P. and Tajik, M. (2011). Competitive, competitiveness and development (a look at the importance of competitive policies on competetiveness in developing countries). Chamber of Commerce, Industries and Mines of Iran. Report of the Center for Economic Research and Investigation. (Persian)
  15. Karuna, C., Subramanyam, K.R. and Tian, F. (2012). Industry product market competition and earnings management. Working Paper, Available at: http://experiments.cob.calpoly.edu/ seminars/karuna.pdf
  16. Kim, E. and Lim, Y. (1988). Environment, generic strategies, and performance in a rapidly developing country: a taxonomic approach. Academy of Management Journal, 31(4): 802-827.
  17. Khajavi, Sh., Mohseni Fard, M., Rezaei, Gh. and Hossieni Rad, D. (2013). Investigating the effects of product market competition on earnings management of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of Asset Management and Financing, 1(3): 119-134. (Persian) 
  18. Markarian, G. and Santalo, J. (2014). Product market competition, information and earnings management. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 41(5/6): 572-599.
  19. Mehrani, S. (2009). Product differentiation, cost management and long-term impact on financial performance. Journal of Empirical Studies in Financial Accounting, 7(3): 67-82.
  20. Myers, S.C. and Majluf, N.S. (1984). Corporate financing and investment decisions when firms have information that investors do not have. Journal of Financial Economics, 13(2): 187-221.
  21. Ohadi, F. (2011). Evaluating the usefulness of ratios used in the Dupont system in predicting profitability. Journal of Financial Knowledge of Securities Analysis, 4(2): 107-138. (Persian)
  22. Porter, M.E. (1980). Competitive strategy: techniques for analyzing industries and competitors. New York: Free Press.
  23. Porter, M.E. (1985). Competitive advantage: creating and sustaining superior performance. New York: Free Press.
  24. Rezaei, F. and Azem, H. (2012). The impact of competitive intensity and business strategy on the relationship between financial leverage and firm performance. Journal of Management Accounting, 5(2): 101-116.
  25. Rezaei, F., Mohseni, R. and Rayeghi, M. (2013). Comparison of factors affecting the rate of return on assets with an emphasis on business strategies. Journal of Management Accounting, 6(1): 1-13. 
  26. Roychowdhury, S. (2006). Earnings management through real activities manipulation. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 42(3): 123-139.
  27. Tanani, M. and MohebKhah, M. (2014). Investigating the relationship among business strategies with the quality of earnings and stock returns in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of Experimental Accounting Research, 13(4): 106-127. (Persian)
  28. Wu, P., Gao, L. and Gu, T. (2015). Business strategy, market competition and earnings management. Chinese Management Studies, 9(3): 401 – 424.
  29. Zang, A.Y. (2012). Evidence on the trade-off between real activities manipulation and accrual-based earnings management. The Accounting Review, 87(2):  675-703.