تحلیل ساختار بازاررسانی محصول سیب‏ زمینی استان همدان؛ ترکیب انحصار عمده‏ فروشی و پدیدة تارعنکبوتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رشته اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

3 عضو گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

استان همدان قطب تولید سیب‏ زمینی در کشور شناخته می‌شود؛ اما با وجود شرایط مناسب تولید، شرایط بازار این محصول مطلوبیست و تفاوت میان دریافتی کشاورزان با پرداخت نهایی مصرف‏ کنندگان سیب ‏زمینی از چالش‌های موجود در بازار این محصول در استان همدان است. با این توصیف، هدف مطالعه حاضر تحلیل و ارزیابی ساختار بازار سیب ‏زمینی در استان همدان بود. بدین منظور، آمار سری زمانی ماهانه قیمت ‏ها در بازه زمانی فروردین 1385 تا فروردین 1398 در سطوح مختلف بازار ارزیابی شد، که حاکی از شکاف شدید و رو به رشد در حاشیه بازار این محصول بود. سپس، سازوکار انتقال قیمت و چگونگی سرایت نوسان‏های قیمتی نیز با استفاده از مدل واریانس ناهمسانی شرطی چندمتغیره مورد ارزیابی و تحلیل قرار گرفت، که نتایج همگی گویای وجود ساختاری ناکارآدر این بازار بود، به ‏گونه‏ای که کشاورزان را در موضع عمل تارعنکبوتی و عمده ‏فروشان را در موضع انحصار تثبیت کرده است. بر پایه یافته‌ها و نتایج میدانی پژوهش حاضر، چهار ویژگی خاص بازار سیب‏ زمینی (شامل کم ‏کشش بودن محصول، فسادپذیری محصول، ظرفیت اندک انبارداری و هزینه‌های بالای احداث سردخانه و نیز عدم وجود برنامه‌ا‌ی مدون برای صادرات محصول) از عوامل ایجاد این ساختار ناکارآست که در سیاست‏گذاری‌های آتی، باید به ‏ویژه بدان توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Marketing structure of potato in Hamedan province, The combination of wholesale monopoly and cobweb phenomenon

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Azhdari 1
  • A. Mortazavi 2
  • M. H. Vakilpour 3
  • S. Khalilian 4
1 PhD Student in Agricultural economics, Tarbiat Modares University
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hamedan province is known as the center of potato production in the country, however, despite the appropriate production conditions, the market of this product does not experience favorable conditions and the difference between farmers 'incomes and consumers' final payment is one of the challenges in the market. Therefore, in this article, the structure of potato market in Hamedan province, as the core production area in Iran, was analyzed and evaluated. For this purpose, the statistics of monthly prices were scrutinized at different levels of the market in the period from April 2006 to April 2019. A significant and growing gap was observed in the market margins of this product. Then, the mechanism of price transfer and transmission were estimated and investigated. All of the results showed an inefficient structure in this market, which has stabilized the farmers in cobweb pattern and wholesalers in the position of monopoly. The results of the research indicated that four specific features of this market including low product elasticity, high perishability rate, lack of export schedules, low storage capacity and the high construction cost of warehouses have created this imperfect structure and should be given special attention in future policies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Price Transmission
  • Marketing Margin
  • Perishability
  • Multi Variety GARCH

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