شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی مشکلات سیاست خرید تضمینی محصولات کشاورزی و راهکارهای جایگزین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسندة مسئول و دانشیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار مؤسسة تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مراغه، ایران.

چکیده

سیاست خرید تضمینی یکی از سیاست‌های حمایتی دولت است که از سال 1368، در ایران، برای برخی از محصولات به اجرا درآمده است. از این‏رو، تحقیق حاضر از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه مقایسات زوجی توسط کلیه مدیران و مسئولان سازمان مرکزی تعاون روستایی به‏ عنوان مجری این سیاست و مجریان استانی در استان‌های فارس، خوزستان، اردبیل، گلستان، اصفهان و کرمان و نیز مباشران خرید در سال 1396 اجرا شد. در تحقیق حاضر، با استفاده از فرآیند تحلیل سلسله‏ مراتبی (AHP)، به شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی مشکلات سیاست خرید تضمینی و اولویت‌بندی راهکارهای حل این مسائل پرداخته شد. بر اساس نتایج به‏ دست‏ آمده، مسائل و مشکلات شناسایی ‏شدة سیاست خرید تضمینی، به‏ ترتیب اولویت، عبارت ‏اند از مسائل قانونی و نهادی، نظام اداری و سازمانی، قیمت‌گذاری، درجه‌بندی و تفکیک کیفیتی، اعتباری و مالی و سرانجام، امکانات ذخیره‌سازی و فرآوری. همچنین، راهکارهای پیشنهادی با توجه به وزن‏ های به ‏دست ‏آمده برای مسائل یادشده با استفاده از مقایسات زوجی و روش فرآیند تحلیل سلسله‏ مراتبی، به ‏ترتیب اولویت، عبارت‏ اند از فروش در قالب مزایده یا استعلام بها، فروش در قالب ترک تشریفات، فروش در بورس و پرداخت مابه‌تفاوت به کشاورزان، ارائه تسهیلات تکلیفی، پرداخت یارانه به تولید و ادامه وضعیت فعلی با بهبود مسائل. بنابراین، بهره ‏گیری از سیاست خرید تضمینی در کنار سیاست‌های افزایش عملکرد و بهره‌وری برای اثربخشی هرچه بیشتر آن در افزایش درآمد کشاورزان و همچنین، سرمایه‌گذاری در تولید محصولات کشاورزی و کاهش فقر و مصرف نهاده‎ ها در بخش کشاورزی توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying and Ranking the Problems of Guaranteed Purchase Policy of Agricultural Products and Alternative Solutions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Pishbahar 1
  • Roya Ferdowsi 2
1 Corresponding Author and Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Guaranteed purchase policy is one of the government's support policies that has been implemented in Iran since 1989 for some products. Therefore, this research was implemented through the paired comparison questionnaire completed by all managers and officials of the Central Rural Cooperative Organization as the policy executive institution as well as provincial executives in Fars, Khuzestan, Ardabil, Golestan, Isfahan and Kerman provinces and also, purchase managers in 2017. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to identify and rank the problems of guaranteed purchase policy and prioritize solutions to solve these problems. Based on the study results, the identified problems of the guaranteed purchase policy included legal and institutional, administrative and organizational system, pricing, quality grading and separation, credit and financial, and storage and processing facility issues, respectively in a priority-based order. Also, the suggested solutions according to the obtained weights for the mentioned issues using pairwise comparisons and the AHP method were respectively determined in a priority-based order as selling in the form of an auction or price inquiry, selling in the form of ignored formalities, selling in the stock market and paying the difference to farmers, providing loans facilities, subsidizing the production and continuing the current situation by improving the issues. Therefore, it is recommended to use the guaranteed purchase policy along with policies to increase performance and productivity to be more effective in increasing the income of farmers as well as investing in the production of agricultural products and reducing poverty and consumption of inputs in the agricultural sector.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)
  • Support Policy
  • Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

مراجع

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